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61.
GF Mackereth KM Webb JS O'Keefe PJ Duignan R Kittelberger 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(6):428-432
AIM: To conduct a longitudinal serological survey for evidence of Brucella spp and Leptospira spp infection of pre-weaned New Zealand fur seals in a colony on the Otago Peninsula. METHODS: Seal pups were repeatedly captured on a monthly basis from February through to July 2001. Pups were tagged at first capture and a blood sample was taken at each capture event. A total of 163 sera were collected from 118 seal pups. Where sufficient volume was collected, the sera were tested for leptospirosis using the microscopic agglutination test (MAT), and for brucellosis using the competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for Brucella abortus. RESULTS: None of 128 sera from 101 seals tested positive to the ELISA for B. abortus. All tests for Leptospira interrogans serovars Grippotyphosa, Copenhageni, Bratislava and Leptospira borgpetersenii serovar Ballum were negative at a cut-off of <1/100 dilution. Positive or suspicious titres were found to L. interrogans serovars Canicola and Pomona and L. borgpetersenii serovar Hardjo. The highest titres (12,800) were found to serovar Pomona. The titre to serovar Pomona in one seal rose from <1/50 in March to 12,800 in April and was <1/50 when re-sampled in July. The titre to serovar Pomona in another seal dropped from 12,800 in May to <1/50 in June. These seals also had titres to serovar Hardjo, which rose or fell in the same manner. All suspicious or positive titres occurred in late April and early May, when the pups were approximately 4–5 months old. In June and July, all seals tested were negative. CONCLUSIONS: There was no serological evidence of Brucella infection in the pre-weaned fur seals at the colony. Positive titres to serovars Pomona, Hardjo, or Canicola suggest that a Leptospira species was present at the colony, however isolation or visualisation of the organism is required to confirm this. Care should be exercised when handling New Zealand fur seals to prevent human infection or inadvertent transfer of leptospirosis to another marine mammal species. 相似文献
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63.
Rassnick KM Ruslander DM Cotter SM Al-Sarraf R Bruyette DS Gamblin RM Meleo KA Moore AS 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2001,218(9):1444-1448
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate response rate and duration of malignant melanomas in dogs treated with carboplatin. DESIGN: Retrospective study. ANIMALS: 27 client-owned dogs with spontaneously occurring measurable malignant melanomas. PROCEDURE: Records of dogs with melanomas treated with carboplatin from October 1989 to June 2000 were reviewed. Carboplatin was administered IV at doses of 300 or 350 mg/m2 of body surface area. Response to treatment and evidence of drug toxicity were determined. RESULT: Response to treatment could be evaluated in 25 dogs. Of those, overall response rate was 28%. One dog had a complete response, 6 (24%) dogs had a partial response (> 50% reduction in tumor burden). Median duration of partial response was 165 days. Eighteen dogs had stable disease (n = 9; 36%) or progressive disease (9; 36%). Response to treatment was significantly associated with carboplatin dose on a milligram per kilogram basis (15.1 mg/kg 16.9 mg/lb] of body weight vs 12.6 mg/kg [5.7 mg/lb]). Evidence of gastrointestinal toxicosis could be assessed in 27 dogs. Mean body weight of 5 dogs that developed gastrointestinal toxicosis was significantly less than that of 22 dogs without gastrointestinal toxicosis (9.9 kg [21.8 lb] vs 19.3 kg [42.5 lb]). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Carboplatin had activity against macroscopic spontaneously occurring malignant melanomas in dogs and should be considered as an adjunctive treatment for microscopic local or metastatic tumors. Gastrointestinal toxicosis was associated with body weight. Because small dogs are more likely to have adverse gastrointestinal effects, gastrointestinal protectants should be considered for these patients. 相似文献
64.
Northrup NC Etue SM Ruslander DM Rassnick KM Hutto DL Bengtson A Rand W Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):183-189
Megavoltage radiation therapy currently is the standard of care for dogs with nasal tumors. Some studies report that surgery and adjunctive orthovoltage radiation therapy result in longer control of these tumors than does megavoltage radiation therapy alone. This study reports less effective control of nasal tumors in dogs treated with surgery and orthovoltage radiation than previously observed, supporting the superiority of megavoltage radiation therapy for these tumors. In addition, this study suggests 2 new prognostic indicators for dogs with nasal tumors and describes toxicity associated with surgery and orthovoltage therapy. Forty-two dogs with nasal tumors were treated with surgical cytoreduction and 48 Gy orthovoltage radiation therapy administered in twelve 4-Gy fractions. Median survival was 7.4 months. One- and 2-year survival rates were 37% and 17%, respectively. Dogs with facial deformity had shorter survival than those without deformity (P = .005). Dogs with resolution of clinical signs after treatment had longer survival than those with chronic nasal signs (P = .0001). Acute radiation toxicity was moderate to severe for skin and eye and negligible for oral mucosa. Toxicity healed within 1 month after radiation therapy. Late toxicity was mild, but 70% of evaluable dogs experienced persistent ocular signs. Only 39% of dogs achieved a disease-free period. 相似文献
65.
Enhanced bioavailability of oral docetaxel by co-administration of cyclosporin A in dogs and rats 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
M. McEntee J. A. Silverman K. Rassnick M. Zgola A. O. Chan P. T. Tau R. L. Page 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2003,1(2):105-112
Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic endpoints of intravenously and orally administered docetaxel (DT) with or without oral cyclosporine were characterized in rats and dogs. Plasma samples were analysed for DT using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. DT area‐under‐the‐concentration–time curve, plasma clearance and maximum serum clearance were significantly affected by cyclosporine in rats (P ≤ 0.0005). Bioavailability of DT alone and DT combined with cyclosporine was 1.3 and 82%, respectively, in rats. In dogs, cyclosporine resulted in a 14–17‐fold increase in peak DT concentrations (P < 0.0005) and area‐under‐the‐curve (P < 0.0005), and a 17‐fold reduction in DT clearance (P < 0.005). Bioavailability of DT alone was 18 ± 16% and statistically exceeded 100% (251 ± 104%) when combined with cyclosporine in dogs. Two of the six dogs receiving DT plus cyclosporine developed neutropenia, and one of the six dogs experienced vomiting and diarrhoea. Cyclosporine significantly alters the disposition of oral DT in dogs and rats, such that clinically relevant serum concentrations are achievable. 相似文献
66.
Although diagnosing cancer during pregnancy is uncommon in veterinary medicine, when it occurs, chemotherapy may represent a reasonable treatment option. A major consideration is that physiological changes associated with pregnancy affect drug pharmacokinetics and complicate correct dosing of chemotherapy agents. Additionally, most antineoplastic drugs are able to cross the placenta thus adversely affecting the foetus. However, favourable outcomes have been observed in human beings when chemotherapy has been administered after organogenesis. Conversely, chemotherapy should be avoided during the early embryonic and organogenesis periods as it might lead to foetal death and/or major malformations. 相似文献
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Neutropenia associated with vincristine and L-asparaginase induction chemotherapy for canine lymphoma 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Northrup NC Rassnick KM Snyder LA Stone MS Kristal O Cotter SM Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2002,16(5):570-575
Vincristine (VCR) and L-asparaginase (L-ASP) are commonly used to treat canine lymphoma. As single agents, these drugs are not myelosuppressive. However, in combination, VCR and L-ASP cause severe neutropenia in some dogs. It has been recommended that L-ASP be administered 12-24 hours after VCR to minimize toxicity. The purpose of this retrospective study was to determine the prevalence of neutropenia after VCR/L-ASP induction therapy for canine lymphoma and to evaluate risk factors for myelosuppression, especially the interval between VCR and L-ASP administration. Medical records of 147 dogs were reviewed. L-ASP was given 0 (n = 50), 6 (n = 23), 18 (n = 20), or 24 (n = 54) hours after VCR. Forty percent of the dogs were neutropenic 7 days after VCR/L-ASP, and 18% had neutrophil counts of <1,000 cells/microL. The median neutrophil count was 3,712 cells/microL (range 0-30,968 cells/microL). No correlation was found between administration interval and day 7 neutrophil count (P = .84) or development of gastrointestinal signs, including vomiting (P = .80), diarrhea (P = .52), and decreased appetite (P = .30). No significant predictors of neutropenia were identified. Higher clinical stage and substage b were associated with decreased appetite after treatment (P = .04 and .01, respectively). Sixteen percent of the dogs were hospitalized. This study demonstrates that VCR/L-ASP induction for canine lymphoma may result in neutropenia but that separation of VCR and L-ASP administration may not be necessary to avoid toxicity. 相似文献
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KM Morton 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2008,43(S2):137-143
Breeding from prepubertal females, known as juvenile in vitro embryo transfer (JIVET), reduces the generation interval and increases the rate of genetic gain in animal breeding programs. While the birth of the first lambs from prepubertal ewes occurred nearly 30 years ago; and there is considerable interest in the commercialization of this technology, its efficiency remains too low. The advent of in vitro production (IVP) of embryo resulted in the more widespread use of JIVET. Morphologic and metabolic differences coupled with reduced in vitro and in vivo development of oocytes derived from prepubertal animals have been reported. Research has been undertaken to optimize donor selection and hormone stimulation methods in an attempt to reduce the variability and increase the proportion of donors responding to hormone stimulation and increase oocyte developmental competence. Yet, this variation persists and the development of oocytes and embryos from prepubertal animals remains reduced when compared with adults. Recent improvements to JIVET, resulting from a modified hormone stimulation regime, have eliminated the failure of donors to respond to hormone stimulation, and increased both the number and developmental competence of oocytes harvested from very young prepubertal lambs. This increased efficiency has facilitated the incorporation of other reproductive technologies such as sperm sexing with JIVET, resulting in the birth of lambs of a pre-determined sex from prepubertal lambs. Increased rates of genetic gain in sheep breeding programs can be achieved by combining sexed sperm with oocytes obtained from lambs as young as 3–4 weeks of age. Continued increases in the efficiency of JIVET resulting from further improvements to hormone stimulation regimes and an increased understanding of the differences between oocytes from adult and prepubertal animals will result in the commercialization of this technology. 相似文献
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Daniela Luethy Angela E. Frimberger Daniela Bedenice Barbara S. Byrne Erin S. Groover Rachel B. Gardner Trisha Lewis Valerie S. MacDonald Lauren Proctor‐Brown Joy E. Tomlinson Kenneth M. Rassnick Amy L. Johnson 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2019,33(2):953-960
70.
Rassnick KM Moore AS Williams LE London CA Kintzer PP Engler SJ Cotter SM 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》1999,13(6):601-605
The efficacy and toxicity of CCNU (1-[2-chloroethyl]3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea) were evaluated in 23 dogs with measurable mast cell tumors (MCT). Twenty-two dogs had cutaneous MCT and 1 dog had an intranasal MCT Nineteen (83%) dogs had biopsy of their original mass performed and 4 (17%) had aspiration cytology of masses. Of the 19 tumors histologically graded, 1 (5%) neoplasm was classified as grade I, 10 (53%) were grade II, and the remaining 8 (42%) were grade III. Dogs were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 90 mg/m2 body surface area every 3 weeks. Response could be evaluated in 19 dogs. Eight of the 19 dogs (42%) had a measurable response to CCNU. One dog had a durable complete response for 440 days. Seven dogs (37%) had a partial response for a median and mean duration of 77 days and 109 days, respectively (range, 21-254 days). Treatment with CCNU resulted in stable disease in 6 dogs (32%) for a median and mean duration of 78 days and 122 days, respectively (range, 42-347 days). The acute dose-limiting toxicity was neutropenia 7 days after administration of CCNU. The median and mean neutrophil counts 7 days after CCNU were 1,452 cells/microL and 1,683 cells/microL, respectively (n = 17). Other toxicoses were uncommon. CCNU should be considered an active agent in the treatment of MCT in dogs. 相似文献